[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":316},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$f37rakwkbfpi28":3},{"id":4,"kind":5,"title":6,"year":7,"era":8,"gold":9,"theaters":10,"tags":12,"period":17,"poster":20,"synopsis":21,"directors":22,"countries":24,"languages":27,"history":29,"journey":32,"ids":72,"links":77,"related":79,"placePages":315},"lion-of-the-desert-1981","film","Lion of the Desert",1981,"interwar",false,[11],"mediterranean",[13,14,15,16],"resistance","combat","biography","true-story",{"start":18,"end":19},"1929","1931-09","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Flion-of-the-desert-1981.webp","An elderly Quran teacher leads Bedouin horsemen against Mussolini's tanks and aircraft, while a ruthless general is sent to end twenty years of Libyan resistance.",[23],"Moustapha Akkad",[25,26],"LY","US",[28],"en",[30,31],"Italy invaded Libya in 1911, but in Cyrenaica the Senussi resistance led by Omar Mukhtar held out for two decades. In 1930 Mussolini made Rodolfo Graziani vice-governor of Cyrenaica, and he crushed the revolt with aircraft, armoured cars, a 270-kilometre barbed-wire fence along the Egyptian border and the deportation of about 100,000 people to camps on the coast, where tens of thousands died.","Mukhtar was captured in September 1931 and hanged at Suluq on 16 September in front of some 20,000 detainees. The film, with Anthony Quinn as Mukhtar and Oliver Reed as Graziani, was financed by Muammar Gaddafi's government. Italy banned it in 1982, and it was not shown on Italian television until 2009.",[33,42,52,63],{"place":34,"name":35,"coordinates":36,"date":18,"kind":39,"story":40,"history":41},"rome","Palazzo Venezia, Rome",[37,38],12.4815,41.8962,"city","Furious at his generals' failures, Mussolini sends his toughest commander to finish the war in Libya.","Mussolini governed from the Palazzo Venezia and in 1930 named Rodolfo Graziani vice-governor of Cyrenaica.",{"place":43,"name":44,"coordinates":45,"date":48,"kind":49,"story":50,"history":51},"benghazi","Benghazi",[46,47],20.0667,32.1167,"1930","base","Graziani arrives with tanks, aircraft and a plan to cut the guerrillas off from the people who feed them.","Benghazi was the capital of Italian Cyrenaica and the base for Graziani's campaign of 1930-1931.",{"place":53,"name":54,"coordinates":55,"date":58,"kind":59,"primary":60,"story":61,"history":62},"jebel-akhdar","Jebel Akhdar",[56,57],21.4728,32.5977,"1930-06","front",true,"In the Green Mountain, Omar Mukhtar's horsemen ambush Italian columns and refuse every offer to surrender.","The wooded plateau of the Jebel Akhdar was the heart of the Senussi guerrilla war against Italy in Cyrenaica.",{"place":64,"name":65,"coordinates":66,"date":19,"kind":69,"story":70,"history":71},"suluq","Suluq",[67,68],20.2503,31.6686,"camp","Brought before the Italians after a skirmish, Mukhtar faces his enemies with the same calm he showed in the mountains.","Omar Mukhtar was hanged at the Suluq camp on 16 September 1931 before about 20,000 Bedouin prisoners.",{"tmdb":73,"tmdbType":74,"imdb":75,"wikidata":76},26843,"movie","tt0081059","Q471362",{"wikipedia":78,"wikipediaEn":78},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLion_of_the_Desert",[80,100,123,184,217,230,256,278],{"id":81,"kind":5,"title":82,"year":83,"era":8,"gold":9,"theaters":84,"tags":85,"period":89,"poster":91,"synopsis":92,"stops":93},"a-special-day-1977","A Special Day",1977,[11],[86,87,88],"politics","home-front","romance",{"start":90,"end":90},"1938-05","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fa-special-day-1977.webp","On the day Hitler parades through Rome, an exhausted housewife and the lonely neighbour across the courtyard are left alone in their empty apartment block.",[94],{"place":34,"name":95,"coordinates":96,"date":90,"kind":99,"primary":60},"Palazzo Federici, Rome",[97,98],12.5205,41.9193,"home",{"id":101,"kind":5,"title":102,"year":103,"era":104,"gold":60,"theaters":105,"tags":106,"period":107,"poster":110,"synopsis":111,"stops":112},"rome-open-city-1945","Rome, Open City",1945,"ww2",[11],[13,16],{"start":108,"end":109},"1944-03","1944-04","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Frome-open-city-1945.webp","In German-occupied Rome, a Resistance leader on the run turns to a widow about to marry, her fiancé and a parish priest, while the Gestapo tightens its net around the working-class neighbourhood that hides him.",[113,118],{"place":34,"name":114,"coordinates":115,"date":108,"kind":39,"primary":60},"Prenestino district, Rome",[116,117],12.5381,41.8852,{"place":34,"name":119,"coordinates":120,"date":108,"kind":69},"Gestapo headquarters, Rome",[121,122],12.4828,41.8931,{"id":124,"kind":125,"title":126,"year":127,"endYear":128,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":129,"tags":130,"period":131,"poster":134,"synopsis":135,"stops":136},"sas-rogue-heroes-2022","series","SAS: Rogue Heroes",2022,2025,[11],[14,16],{"start":132,"end":133},"1941","1944","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fsas-rogue-heroes-2022.webp","From a Cairo hospital bed, David Stirling dreams up a tiny unit of misfits to strike deep behind Rommel's lines; with Paddy Mayne and Jock Lewes he turns it into the Special Air Service, which later fights its way through Sicily and Italy.",[137,144,151,159,163,171,177],{"place":138,"name":139,"coordinates":140,"date":143,"kind":39},"cairo","Cairo, Egypt",[141,142],31.2358,30.0444,"1941-07",{"place":145,"name":146,"coordinates":147,"date":150,"kind":49},"kabrit","Kabrit camp, Suez Canal",[148,149],32.49,30.2458,"1941-08",{"place":152,"name":153,"coordinates":154,"date":157,"kind":158,"primary":60},"agedabia","Agedabia airfield, Libya",[155,156],20.2253,30.7556,"1941-12","battle",{"place":43,"name":160,"coordinates":161,"date":162,"kind":39},"Benghazi harbour, Libya",[46,47],"1942-05",{"place":164,"name":165,"coordinates":166,"date":169,"kind":170},"sicily","Capo Murro di Porco, near Syracuse",[167,168],15.2875,37.0692,"1943-07","landing",{"place":172,"name":173,"coordinates":174,"date":169,"kind":39},"augusta","Augusta, Sicily",[175,176],15.2194,37.2303,{"place":178,"name":179,"coordinates":180,"date":183,"kind":158},"termoli","Termoli, Adriatic coast",[181,182],14.9947,42.0028,"1943-10",{"id":185,"kind":125,"title":186,"year":187,"endYear":187,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":188,"tags":189,"period":192,"poster":193,"synopsis":194,"stops":195},"catch-22-2019","Catch-22",2019,[11],[190,191],"air","comedy",{"start":133,"end":133},"\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fcatch-22-2019.webp","A six-part retelling of Joseph Heller's novel follows bombardier Yossarian from training to an island air base, where every attempt to stop flying runs into the same absurd rule.",[196,202,208,214],{"place":197,"name":198,"coordinates":199,"date":133,"kind":49,"primary":60},"pianosa","Pianosa, Tuscan Archipelago",[200,201],10.0833,42.5833,{"place":203,"name":204,"coordinates":205,"date":133,"kind":39},"palermo","Palermo, Sicily",[206,207],13.3613,38.1157,{"place":209,"name":210,"coordinates":211,"date":133,"kind":39},"malta","Valletta, Malta",[212,213],14.5125,35.8978,{"place":34,"name":215,"coordinates":216,"date":133,"kind":39},"Rome",[121,122],{"id":218,"kind":5,"title":186,"year":219,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":220,"tags":221,"period":222,"poster":223,"synopsis":224,"stops":225},"catch-22-1970",1970,[11],[190,191],{"start":133,"end":133},"\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fcatch-22-1970.webp","Bombardier Yossarian wants only to survive the war, but every time he nears the required number of missions his colonel raises it, and the rule called Catch-22 makes sure no sane man can ever be grounded.",[226,228],{"place":197,"name":198,"coordinates":227,"date":133,"kind":49,"primary":60},[200,201],{"place":34,"name":215,"coordinates":229,"date":133,"kind":39},[121,122],{"id":231,"kind":5,"title":232,"year":233,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":234,"tags":235,"period":236,"poster":239,"synopsis":240,"stops":241},"anzio-1968","Anzio",1968,[11],[14],{"start":237,"end":238},"1944-01","1944-06","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fanzio-1968.webp","A war correspondent lands with the Allies behind the German lines south of Rome, finds the road to the capital open, and watches a cautious command waste the chance while a band of Rangers fights its way back from disaster.",[242,248,254],{"place":243,"name":244,"coordinates":245,"date":237,"kind":170,"primary":60},"anzio","Anzio beachhead",[246,247],12.6283,41.4472,{"place":249,"name":250,"coordinates":251,"date":237,"kind":158},"cisterna","Cisterna, south of Rome",[252,253],12.8306,41.5889,{"place":34,"name":215,"coordinates":255,"date":238,"kind":39},[121,122],{"id":257,"kind":5,"title":258,"year":259,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":260,"tags":261,"period":262,"poster":263,"synopsis":264,"stops":265},"two-women-1960","Two Women",1960,[11],[87],{"start":169,"end":238},"\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Ftwo-women-1960.webp","To escape the bombing of Rome, widowed shopkeeper Cesira takes her twelve-year-old daughter back to her native mountains of Ciociaria, where they wait out the war among refugees, Germans and approaching Allied armies.",[266,271],{"place":34,"name":267,"coordinates":268,"date":169,"kind":99},"San Lorenzo, Rome",[269,270],12.5157,41.8971,{"place":272,"name":273,"coordinates":274,"date":277,"kind":99,"primary":60},"fondi","Mountains above Fondi, Ciociaria",[275,276],13.4167,41.35,"1944-05",{"id":279,"kind":5,"title":280,"year":281,"era":104,"gold":9,"theaters":282,"tags":283,"period":284,"poster":286,"synopsis":287,"stops":288},"paisan-1946","Paisan",1946,[11],[14,13],{"start":169,"end":285},"1944-12","\u002Fimg\u002Fposters\u002Fpaisan-1946.webp","Six episodes follow the Allied advance up Italy, from Sicily to the Po delta, through brief encounters between American soldiers and Italians who often cannot understand each other's language.",[289,294,300,302,309],{"place":164,"name":290,"coordinates":291,"date":169,"kind":170},"South coast of Sicily",[292,293],14.25,37.0667,{"place":295,"name":296,"coordinates":297,"date":183,"kind":39},"naples","Naples",[298,299],14.2486,40.8358,{"place":34,"name":215,"coordinates":301,"date":238,"kind":39},[121,122],{"place":303,"name":304,"coordinates":305,"date":308,"kind":158,"primary":60},"florence","Florence, Ponte Vecchio",[306,307],11.2532,43.768,"1944-08",{"place":310,"name":311,"coordinates":312,"date":285,"kind":59},"po-delta","Po delta, near Porto Tolle",[313,314],12.3167,44.95,[34,43],1791831605543]